Implementation of Health Promotion

 

Name: Kimberly Deodat

USI: 1034877

University of Guyana

School of Pharmacy- 2^nd Year (2020-2021)

HSC: 2102 – Health Education and Promotion

What is Health Promotion?

“Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and their determinants and thereby improve their health.” (Ottawa Charter,1986)

A brief history of Health Promotion

A meeting was held in Canada on the 21^st November, 1986, in which the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion was established. The Ottawa charter aims to improve and better health for everyone year 2000 and beyond, starting with the fundamental conditions and resources for health; peace, shelter, sustainable resources, social justice and equity.

This was achieved via 3 Prerequisites:

1.      Advocate

2.      Enable

3.      Mediate

And five (5) key action areas:

1.      Build Healthy Public Policy

2.      Creative Supportive Environment

3.      Strengthen Community Actions

4.      Develop Personal Skills

5.      Reorient Health Services

What is the Health Promotion Strategic Framework (HPSF)?

‘The Health Promotion Strategic Framework (HPSF) is the first national strategic framework for health promotion in the HSE.

It has been developed to support the HSE’s strategic objectives of promoting and improving the health of the population. The framework sets out clear, consistent, national objectives for the HSE in relation to its health promotion priorities.’ (HSE National Health Promotion Office, 2011)

This framework puts forward a model in which integrates health promotion into all aspects of HSE services in line with international best practice.

It is managed by the HSC Cooperate Plan and is highly considered a National Policy.

 

Health Promotion Strategic Framework Model

 (Shaiekh, 2019)

This framework outlines health promotion that addresses the broad determinants of health and health inequalities, through health services, community and education settings.

Health Promotion Priorities

Health Promotion Priorities in the Health Service setting

This is whereby the health service setting has a balance between health promotion and prevention of different diseases. In the Health Services Setting the environment, the staff-patient relationship, and the services are made to improve and sustain good health.

Health Promotion priorities in the community setting

A model should be put in place to ensure individuals in the  community exercise good health practices and are considerate to the healthy environment.

Health Promotion Priorities in the education setting

Within the education setting, the priority objective is to implement a nationally agreed model for promoting health in pre[1]school, primary, post-primary, third level and out-of-school settings based on existing Health Promoting School (HPS) approaches.

 

The Purpose of HPSF

1.      Achieve its strategic objectives of protecting, promoting and improving the health of the population

2.      Ensure health promotion practice throughout the health service is in line with international evidence

3.      Build the capacity of the organisation to improve health and wellbeing within the population and across the social gradient

4.      Integrate health promotion into all aspects of its service (i.e. progress the development of the HSE as a health promoting health service based on international best practice)

5.      Develop a robust multi-sectoral approach in all settings to addressing the social determinants of health and health inequalities

6.      Increase the effective and efficient use of resources to promote the health of the population thus reducing the cost burden of chronic disease

7.      Ensure value for money (VFM), particularly in the context of a reducing workforce

 (HSE National Health Promotion Office, 2011)

 

What is an intervention?

‘An intervention is a combination of program elements or strategies designed to produce behaviour changes or improve health status among individuals or an entire population. Interventions may include educational programs, new or stronger policies, improvements in the environment, or a health promotion campaign. Interventions that include multiple strategies are typically the most effective in producing desired and lasting change’ (Health Gov,2021)

Common Interventions/Strategies used to implement Health Promotion?

There are a number of health promotion interventions used to maintain the health of populations. These interventions include (but are not limited to) the following:

• Screening

Screening is a valuable tool for health care professionals, particularly as the paradigm shifts from a medical to a prevention context (Edelman, 2006).

Primary prevention would be the knowledge of screening and the process of screening would be secondary prevention.

Screening is done so that the disease can be detected early and thus treated in a timely manner as to reduce its prevalence thus saving money of treatment sessions and having healthier and disease free persons.   

(Hopkins,2021)

 

• Health Education

Health Education is done to share health experiences and provide the community or target population about certain health issues. This may be done through webinars, lectures, courses, classes, seminars and workshops.

(Cheprasov, 2017)

• Nutrition counselling

Nutrition Counselling is done to spread awareness of the importance of good nutrition. It elaborates on each vitamin and mineral that one should take as well as what to be aware of in terms of nutrition toxicity. Also, to inform individuals of the various food bourse illnesses and how to avoid them.

(Walden University, 2021)

• Exercise

Exercise is promoted as it may be beneficial to persons in risk of cardiac issue and many other diseases. Exercise is also very important as one gets older.

(Freepik,2021)

• Stress management

Stress management would be the awareness of the different factors about health. Its source, the effects it has on the body and thus overall health. This would include a healthy diet and good sleep hygiene.

(Matthews, 2021)

• Holistic health strategies

Holistic Health strategies is the awareness of one’s overall health and to understand how they link to each other. This would include physical, mental, emotional, social, intellectual and spiritual health.

(Yadav, 2020)

 

References

1.      Ceprasov Arten, 2017. The Role of Health Education Teachers & Students in the Community. Available at https://study.com/academy/ lesson/the-role-of-health-education-teachers-students-in-the-community.html. Retrieved on 9^th-05-2021.

 

2.      Edelman, C & Mandle, C(2010) Health Promotion throughout the Lifespan (7^th Ed.). St. Louis, Mosby Inc. Retrieved on 9^th-05-2021

3.      Freepik, 2021. Set of men and women exercising in gym Free Vector. Available at https://www.freepik.com/. Retrieved on 9^th-05-2021.

 

4.      HSE (2011). Health Promotion Strategic Framework: Main report. Available at http://www.healthpromotion.ie/hp-files/docs/HPSF_HSE.pdf. Retrieved on 9^th-05-2021.

5.      Health Gov, 2021. What is an intervention?. Available at What is an intervention? (mo.gov). Retrieved on 9^th-05-2021.

6.      Hopkins John, 2021. Screening Tests for Common Diseases. Available at https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/ health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/screening-tests-for-common-diseases. Retrieved from 9^th-05-2021.

7.      Matthews Scott, 2021. Stress Management Tips for Customer Service Pros. Available at https://www.qminder.com/. Retrieved on 9^th- 05-2021.

 

8.      Shaiekh Mohammad Aslam, 2019. Scope of Health Promotion included in National Health Policy (NHP) 2071(2014). Available at https://www.slideshare.net/MohammadAslamShaiekh /scope-of-health-promotion-included-in-national-health-policy-nhp-20712014. Retrieved on 9^th- 05-2021.

9.      Walden University,2021. What is Health Education and Promotion? Available at https://www.waldenu.edu/ online-masters-programs/ms-in-health-education-and-promotion/resource/what-is-health-education-and-promotion. Retrieved on 9^th-05-2021.

 

10.  Yadav Yatendra, 2020. Holistic Health Approaches: the Way to Wellness. Available at https://dryatendrayadav.com/ 2018/08/01/holistic-health-approaches-the-way-to-wellness/. Retrieved on 9^th-05-2021.